Support wget2 in the wget code path

Fedora 40 and later ship wget2 as wget. Under -q it prints nothing for -S,
so $HTTP_HEADER stayed empty in wget mode (ACME_USE_WGET=1, or no curl):
no status code, no Replay-Nonce, no Location, and every ACME request
failed. Without -q its own "HTTP response 200 OK [url]" line would be read
as the status line, and a HEAD response gets no headers at all.

Detect wget2 by its --version line and run it without -q (and without -d,
whose demultiplexing expects wget 1.x output). _wget2_headers keeps only
the header blocks of its stderr; for a response without a body, where
wget2 prints no block, it rebuilds the status line from the "HTTP
response" line. HEAD goes through --method HEAD --save-headers, which
writes the headers into $HTTP_HEADER. wget 1.x and curl are unchanged.

acme.sh

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env sh
 
-VER=3.1.6
+VER=3.1.7
 
 PROJECT_NAME="acme.sh"
 
@@ -2140,6 +2140,7 @@ _resethttp() {
   __HTTP_INITIALIZED=""
   _ACME_CURL=""
   _ACME_WGET=""
+  _ACME_WGET2=""
   ACME_HTTP_NO_REDIRECTS=""
 }
 
@@ -2190,7 +2191,15 @@ _inithttp() {
   fi
 
   if [ -z "$_ACME_WGET" ] && _exists "wget"; then
-    _ACME_WGET="wget -q"
+    #wget2, the wget of Fedora 40 and later, prints nothing for -S under -q,
+    #so it runs without -q and _wget2_fix_header cleans up after it
+    _ACME_WGET2=""
+    if _contains "$(wget --version 2>&1 | _head_n 1)" "Wget2"; then
+      _ACME_WGET2=1
+      _ACME_WGET="wget"
+    else
+      _ACME_WGET="wget -q"
+    fi
     if [ "$ACME_USE_IPV6_REQUESTS" ]; then
       _ACME_WGET="$_ACME_WGET --inet6-only "
     elif [ "$ACME_USE_IPV4_REQUESTS" ]; then
@@ -2200,7 +2209,8 @@ _inithttp() {
       _ACME_WGET="$_ACME_WGET --max-redirect 0 "
     fi
     if [ "$DEBUG" ] && [ "$DEBUG" -ge "2" ]; then
-      if [ "$_ACME_WGET" ] && _contains "$($_ACME_WGET --help 2>&1)" "--debug"; then
+      #the -d demultiplexing after each request expects wget 1.x output
+      if [ -z "$_ACME_WGET2" ] && _contains "$($_ACME_WGET --help 2>&1)" "--debug"; then
         _ACME_WGET="$_ACME_WGET -d "
       fi
     fi
@@ -2220,6 +2230,30 @@ _inithttp() {
 
 }
 
+#stdin: what wget2 -S wrote to stderr. Prints the response headers the way
+#curl --dump-header writes them. wget2 frames every header block with lines of
+#its own ("[0] Downloading ...", "# got header ...", and after the block
+#"HTTP response 200 OK [url]", which callers would take for the status line),
+#and prints no header block at all for a response without a body (a 204, the
+#empty 200 of a revocation): then only the status line can be rebuilt, from
+#the last "HTTP [ERROR ]response" line, with HTTP/1.1 assumed.
+_wget2_headers() {
+  _w2h_in="$(cat)"
+  _w2h_cr="$(printf '\r')"
+  _w2h_blocks="$(printf "%s\n" "$_w2h_in" | sed -n "/^HTTP /d; /^HTTP\//,/^$_w2h_cr*\$/p")"
+  if [ "$_w2h_blocks" ]; then
+    printf "%s\n" "$_w2h_blocks"
+  else
+    printf "%s\n" "$_w2h_in" | sed -n 's/^HTTP ERROR response /HTTP response /; s/^HTTP response \([0-9][0-9]*\).*$/HTTP\/1.1 \1/p' | _tail_n 1
+  fi
+}
+
+#rewrite $HTTP_HEADER after a wget2 request, see _wget2_headers
+_wget2_fix_header() {
+  _w2f_headers="$(_wget2_headers <"$HTTP_HEADER")"
+  printf "%s\n" "$_w2f_headers" >"$HTTP_HEADER"
+}
+
 # body  url [needbase64] [POST|PUT|DELETE] [ContentType]
 _post() {
   body="$1"
@@ -2315,7 +2349,15 @@ _post() {
           response="$($_WGET -S -O - --user-agent="$USER_AGENT" --header "$_H5" --header "$_H4" --header "$_H3" --header "$_H2" --header "$_H1" --post-data="$body" "$_post_url" 2>"$HTTP_HEADER")"
         fi
       elif [ "$httpmethod" = "HEAD" ]; then
-        if [ "$_postContentType" ]; then
+        if [ "$_ACME_WGET2" ]; then
+          #wget2 prints no headers for a HEAD response, not even with -S, but
+          #--save-headers writes them into the -O file
+          if [ "$_postContentType" ]; then
+            response="$($_WGET --method HEAD --save-headers -O "$HTTP_HEADER" --user-agent="$USER_AGENT" --header "$_H5" --header "$_H4" --header "$_H3" --header "$_H2" --header "$_H1" --header "Content-Type: $_postContentType" "$_post_url" 2>/dev/null)"
+          else
+            response="$($_WGET --method HEAD --save-headers -O "$HTTP_HEADER" --user-agent="$USER_AGENT" --header "$_H5" --header "$_H4" --header "$_H3" --header "$_H2" --header "$_H1" "$_post_url" 2>/dev/null)"
+          fi
+        elif [ "$_postContentType" ]; then
           response="$($_WGET --spider -S -O - --user-agent="$USER_AGENT" --header "$_H5" --header "$_H4" --header "$_H3" --header "$_H2" --header "$_H1" --header "Content-Type: $_postContentType" --post-data="$body" "$_post_url" 2>"$HTTP_HEADER")"
         else
           response="$($_WGET --spider -S -O - --user-agent="$USER_AGENT" --header "$_H5" --header "$_H4" --header "$_H3" --header "$_H2" --header "$_H1" --post-data="$body" "$_post_url" 2>"$HTTP_HEADER")"
@@ -2341,6 +2383,9 @@ _post() {
       cat "$HTTP_HEADER" >&2
       _sed_i '/^[^ ][^ ]/d; /^ *$/d' "$HTTP_HEADER"
     fi
+    if [ "$_ACME_WGET2" ]; then
+      _wget2_fix_header
+    fi
     # remove leading whitespaces from header to match curl format
     _sed_i 's/^  //g' "$HTTP_HEADER"
   else
@@ -2434,6 +2479,9 @@ _post_file() {
       cat "$HTTP_HEADER" >&2
       _sed_i '/^[^ ][^ ]/d; /^ *$/d' "$HTTP_HEADER"
     fi
+    if [ "$_ACME_WGET2" ]; then
+      _wget2_fix_header
+    fi
     # remove leading whitespaces from header to match curl format
     _sed_i 's/^  //g' "$HTTP_HEADER"
   else
@@ -2501,6 +2549,9 @@ _get() {
         cat "$HTTP_HEADER" >&2
         _sed_i '/^[^ ][^ ]/d; /^ *$/d' "$HTTP_HEADER"
       fi
+      if [ "$_ACME_WGET2" ]; then
+        _wget2_fix_header
+      fi
       # remove leading whitespaces from header to match curl format
       _sed_i 's/^  //g' "$HTTP_HEADER"
     fi
@@ -2800,6 +2851,35 @@ _sed_escape_rhs() {
   sed -e 's/\\/\\\\/g' -e 's/&/\\&/g' -e 's/|/\\|/g'
 }
 
+#_write_conf  file  content
+#Replace the conf file with the content.
+#Redirecting straight into the conf truncates it before anything is written, so
+#a failed write (e.g. no space left on device) left an empty conf and the cert
+#could not be renewed any more (#7247). Write a temp file next to the conf and
+#rename it over the conf only after the content is verified.
+_write_conf() {
+  __w_conf="$1"
+  __w_text="$2"
+  __w_tmp="$__w_conf.$$.tmp"
+  #cp -p, so the temp file carries the mode and owner of the conf
+  if ! cp -p "$__w_conf" "$__w_tmp" 2>/dev/null ||
+    ! printf -- "%s\n" "$__w_text" 2>/dev/null >"$__w_tmp" ||
+    [ "$(cat "$__w_tmp")" != "$__w_text" ]; then
+    rm -f "$__w_tmp"
+    return 1
+  fi
+  if [ ! -L "$__w_conf" ] && mv -f "$__w_tmp" "$__w_conf" 2>/dev/null; then
+    return 0
+  fi
+  #a symlink or a bind mounted file cannot be renamed over, write in place
+  if ! cat "$__w_tmp" 2>/dev/null >"$__w_conf"; then
+    #the conf may be truncated now, the temp file is the only complete copy
+    _err "Cannot write $__w_conf, the new content is kept in $__w_tmp"
+    return 1
+  fi
+  rm -f "$__w_tmp"
+}
+
 #setopt "file"  "opt"  "="  "value" [";"]
 _setopt() {
   __conf="$1"
@@ -2826,39 +2906,29 @@ _setopt() {
     return 1
     ;;
   esac
-  if [ -n "$(_tail_c 1 <"$__conf")" ]; then
-    echo >>"$__conf"
+  if ! __text="$(cat "$__conf")"; then
+    _err "Cannot read $__conf."
+    return 1
   fi
-
+  #build the new content first and write it once through _write_conf:
+  #redirecting straight into the conf truncates it before anything is
+  #written, so a failing sed (#2426) or a failing write (#7247) left a
+  #truncated conf, and a short append left a half written line
+  __sed_err=""
   if grep -n "^$__opt$__sep" "$__conf" >/dev/null; then
     _debug3 OK
     __val="$(printf -- "%s\n" "$__val" | _sed_escape_rhs)"
-    text="$(cat "$__conf")"
-    #capture first, write only on success: redirecting sed straight into the
-    #conf file truncates it before sed runs, so a failing sed (e.g. on an
-    #unescaped special character in the value) wiped the whole conf (#2426)
-    if __text="$(printf -- "%s\n" "$text" | sed "s|^$__opt$__sep.*$|$__opt$__sep$__val$__end|")"; then
-      printf -- "%s\n" "$__text" >"$__conf"
-    else
-      _err "Cannot save '$__opt' to $__conf."
-      return 1
-    fi
-
+    __text="$(printf -- "%s\n" "$__text" | sed "s|^$__opt$__sep.*$|$__opt$__sep$__val$__end|")" || __sed_err=1
   elif grep -n "^#$__opt$__sep" "$__conf" >/dev/null; then
     __val="$(printf -- "%s\n" "$__val" | _sed_escape_rhs)"
-    text="$(cat "$__conf")"
-    if __text="$(printf -- "%s\n" "$text" | sed "s|^#$__opt$__sep.*$|$__opt$__sep$__val$__end|")"; then
-      printf -- "%s\n" "$__text" >"$__conf"
-    else
-      _err "Cannot save '$__opt' to $__conf."
-      return 1
-    fi
-
+    __text="$(printf -- "%s\n" "$__text" | sed "s|^#$__opt$__sep.*$|$__opt$__sep$__val$__end|")" || __sed_err=1
   else
     _debug3 APP
-    #printf, not echo: dash's builtin echo interprets backslash escapes in
-    #the value and would corrupt it
-    printf -- "%s\n" "$__opt$__sep$__val$__end" >>"$__conf"
+    __text="$__text${__text:+$__nl}$__opt$__sep$__val$__end"
+  fi
+  if [ "$__sed_err" ] || ! _write_conf "$__conf" "$__text"; then
+    _err "Cannot save '$__opt' to $__conf."
+    return 1
   fi
   _debug3 "$(grep -n "^$__opt$__sep" "$__conf")"
 }
@@ -2888,7 +2958,11 @@ _clear_conf() {
     _conf_data="$(cat "$_c_c_f")"
     #printf, not echo: dash's builtin echo interprets backslash escapes and
     #would corrupt saved values that contain them on every rewrite
-    printf -- "%s\n" "$_conf_data" | sed "/^$_sdkey *=.*$/d" >"$_c_c_f"
+    if ! _conf_data="$(printf -- "%s\n" "$_conf_data" | sed "/^$_sdkey *=.*$/d")" ||
+      ! _write_conf "$_c_c_f" "$_conf_data"; then
+      _err "Cannot clear '$_sdkey' in $_c_c_f."
+      return 1
+    fi
   else
     _err "Config file is empty, cannot clear"
   fi
@@ -3365,7 +3439,13 @@ __initHome() {
 
   if [ -z "$ACCOUNT_CONF_PATH" ]; then
     if [ -f "$_DEFAULT_ACCOUNT_CONF_PATH" ]; then
+      #Same as in _initpath: keep the live ACCOUNT_EMAIL across the sourcing,
+      #so that the -m address _process() exported is not replaced by the
+      #saved one. _process() calls __initHome directly, after the option
+      #loop, so this is the sourcing that -m used to lose to.
+      _ih_account_email="$ACCOUNT_EMAIL"
       . "$_DEFAULT_ACCOUNT_CONF_PATH"
+      ACCOUNT_EMAIL="$_ih_account_email"
     fi
   fi
 
@@ -3475,12 +3555,22 @@ _initpath() {
   domain="$1"
   _ilength="$2"
 
+  #Keep the live ACCOUNT_EMAIL, the one -m exported in _process() or the
+  #caller put in the environment. account.conf is sourced twice below (here
+  #and inside __initHome), and a sourced assignment would overwrite it with
+  #the saved address, so -m silently lost to whatever account.conf held.
+  #The saved address is not lost either way: _getAccountEmail() reads it
+  #with _readaccountconf as its last resort, after the per-CA CA_EMAIL.
+  _cli_account_email="$ACCOUNT_EMAIL"
+
   __initHome
 
   if [ -f "$ACCOUNT_CONF_PATH" ]; then
     . "$ACCOUNT_CONF_PATH"
   fi
 
+  ACCOUNT_EMAIL="$_cli_account_email"
+
   if [ "$_ACME_IN_CRON" ]; then
     if [ ! "$_USER_PATH_EXPORTED" ]; then
       _USER_PATH_EXPORTED=1
@@ -4420,9 +4510,11 @@ _regAccount() {
   _secure_debug3 _eab_kid "$_eab_kid"
   _secure_debug3 _eab_hmac_key "$_eab_hmac_key"
   _email="$(_getAccountEmail)"
-  if [ "$_email" ]; then
-    _savecaconf "CA_EMAIL" "$_email"
-  fi
+  #CA_EMAIL is saved only once the CA has actually taken the contact, which
+  #is when it answers 201. For an account key it already knows it answers
+  #200 and ignores the contact of the request, so saving here would record
+  #an address the CA never stored.
+  _saved_ca_email="$(_readcaconf CA_EMAIL)"
 
   if [ "$ACME_DIRECTORY" = "$CA_ZEROSSL" ]; then
     if [ -z "$_eab_kid" ] || [ -z "$_eab_hmac_key" ]; then
@@ -4501,8 +4593,15 @@ _regAccount() {
   if [ "$code" = "" ] || [ "$code" = '201' ]; then
     echo "$response" >"$ACCOUNT_JSON_PATH"
     _info "Registered"
+    if [ "$_email" ]; then
+      _savecaconf "CA_EMAIL" "$_email"
+    fi
   elif [ "$code" = '409' ] || [ "$code" = '200' ]; then
     _info "Already registered"
+    if [ "$_email" ] && [ "$_email" != "$_saved_ca_email" ]; then
+      _info "The account email was not changed, the CA ignores the contact of an account it already has."
+      _info "Use '$PROJECT_ENTRY --update-account -m $_email' to change it."
+    fi
   elif [ "$code" = '400' ] && _contains "$response" 'The account is not awaiting external account binding'; then
     _info "EAB already registered"
     _eabAlreadyBound=1
@@ -5590,11 +5689,9 @@ issue() {
       _on_issue_err "$_post_hook"
       return 1
     fi
-    # RFC 9773 Section 5 only defines the "alreadyReplaced" error, but real CAs
-    # (Let's Encrypt) may also reject with a malformed error if the prior cert
-    # was issued by a different issuer / different CA. Retry without "replaces"
-    # whenever the failure mentions ARI or the replaces field.
-    if [ "$_replaces_certID" ] && { _contains "$response" "alreadyReplaced" || _contains "$response" "urn:ietf:params:acme:error:malformed" || _contains "$response" "'replaces'" || _contains "$response" "ARI"; }; then
+    # Retry without "replaces" whenever the CA rejected that field, e.g. after
+    # switching the ACME server: the prior cert belongs to the old CA.
+    if [ "$_replaces_certID" ] && _isARIReplacesRejected "$code" "$response"; then
       _info "ARI 'replaces' rejected by CA, retrying newOrder without 'replaces'."
       if ! _send_signed_request "$ACME_NEW_ORDER" "$_newOrderObj}"; then
         _err "Error creating new order."
@@ -7930,6 +8027,35 @@ _getARICertID() {
   printf "%s.%s" "$_akiurl" "$_serurl"
 }
 
+#httpcode response
+#Returns 0 when a newOrder was rejected because of the ARI "replaces" field,
+#so that the order can be retried without it.
+#The status code decides first, and an empty code counts as "not rejected":
+#an ACCEPTED order echoes the field back, since RFC 9773 Section 5 says that
+#a server accepting a newOrder request with a "replaces" field "MUST reflect
+#that field in the response", and the certID it carries is base64url, so the
+#response of a SUCCESSFUL order can contain "replaces" and even "ARI".
+#Matching on the message alone would then re-order without "replaces" and
+#defeat ARI.
+#Only the 409 "alreadyReplaced" type is mandated by RFC 9773 Section 5; the
+#other checks it lists (same ACME account, shared identifier) are left to
+#server policy, so the wording differs per CA: Let's Encrypt answers
+#malformed when the prior cert was issued by a different issuer, ZeroSSL
+#answers 401 with 'The "replaces" field does not identify a certificate that
+#belongs to this ACME account'.
+#https://github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/7280
+_isARIReplacesRejected() {
+  _ari_rej_code="$1"
+  _ari_rej_resp="$2"
+  if [ -z "$_ari_rej_code" ] || _startswith "$_ari_rej_code" "2"; then
+    return 1
+  fi
+  _contains "$_ari_rej_resp" "alreadyReplaced" ||
+    _contains "$_ari_rej_resp" "replaces" ||
+    _contains "$_ari_rej_resp" "ARI" ||
+    _contains "$_ari_rej_resp" "urn:ietf:params:acme:error:malformed"
+}
+
 #cert
 _get_ARI() {
   _cert="$1"

deploy/fritzbox.sh

@@ -74,9 +74,9 @@ fritzbox_deploy() {
   _info "Log in to the FRITZ!Box"
   _fritzbox_challenge="$(_get "${DEPLOY_FRITZBOX_URL}/login_sid.lua" | sed -e 's/^.*<Challenge>//' -e 's/<\/Challenge>.*$//')"
   if _exists iconv; then
-    _fritzbox_hash="$(printf "%s-%s" "${_fritzbox_challenge}" "${DEPLOY_FRITZBOX_PASSWORD}" | iconv -f ASCII -t UTF16LE | _digest md5 hex)"
+    _fritzbox_hash="$(printf "%s-%s" "${_fritzbox_challenge}" "${DEPLOY_FRITZBOX_PASSWORD}" | iconv -f ASCII -t UTF-16LE | _digest md5 hex)"
   elif _exists uconv; then
-    _fritzbox_hash="$(printf "%s-%s" "${_fritzbox_challenge}" "${DEPLOY_FRITZBOX_PASSWORD}" | uconv -f ASCII -t UTF16LE | _digest md5 hex)"
+    _fritzbox_hash="$(printf "%s-%s" "${_fritzbox_challenge}" "${DEPLOY_FRITZBOX_PASSWORD}" | uconv -f ASCII -t UTF-16LE | _digest md5 hex)"
   else
     _fritzbox_hash="$(printf "%s-%s" "${_fritzbox_challenge}" "${DEPLOY_FRITZBOX_PASSWORD}" | perl -p -e 'use Encode qw/encode/; print encode("UTF-16LE","$_"); $_="";' | _digest md5 hex)"
   fi

dnsapi/dns_bergdns.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,348 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env sh
+# shellcheck disable=SC2034
+dns_bergdns_info='bergdns.at
+Site: bergdns.at
+Docs: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/wiki/dnsapi2#dns_bergdns
+Options:
+ BERGDNS_API_KEY API key, as issued in the account UI. Needs read (to find the zone and the record) and write over the challenge names.
+ BERGDNS_API_URL API base URL. Optional. Default "https://bergdns.at/v1".
+ BERGDNS_TTL TTL of the challenge record, in seconds. Optional. Default "60".
+ BERGDNS_PROPAGATION_TIMEOUT Seconds to wait for the record to reach every secondary. Optional. Default "60". "0" does not wait.
+Issues: github.com/acmesh-official/acme.sh/issues/7261
+Author: Kenny Kropp <https://github.com/kekropp>
+'
+
+_BERGDNS_DEFAULT_URL='https://bergdns.at/v1'
+_BERGDNS_DEFAULT_TTL='60'
+_BERGDNS_DEFAULT_WAIT='60'
+
+########  Public functions  ####################################################
+
+# Usage: dns_bergdns_add _acme-challenge.www.example.com "token"
+# The value is added to the RRset, so a domain and its wildcard can be
+# validated at the same time.
+dns_bergdns_add() {
+  fulldomain=$(echo "$1" | _lower_case)
+  txtvalue=$2
+
+  _bergdns_init || return 1
+  _bergdns_find_zone "$fulldomain" || return 1
+  _bergdns_find_rrset "$fulldomain" || return 1
+
+  _info "Adding TXT $fulldomain in zone $_bergdns_zone_name"
+  if [ -z "$_bergdns_rrset_id" ]; then
+    if _bergdns_rest POST "zones/$_bergdns_zone_id/rrsets" \
+      "{\"name\":\"$fulldomain\",\"type\":\"TXT\",\"ttl\":$BERGDNS_TTL,\"records\":[\"\\\"$txtvalue\\\"\"]}"; then
+      _bergdns_rrset_id=$(echo "$response" | _egrep_o '"id":"[^"]*"' | _head_n 1 | cut -d '"' -f 4)
+      _debug _bergdns_rrset_id "$_bergdns_rrset_id"
+      _bergdns_wait "$fulldomain"
+      return 0
+    fi
+    if [ "$_bergdns_code" != "rrset_exists" ]; then
+      _err "bergdns: could not add the challenge record: $_bergdns_error"
+      return 1
+    fi
+    # another run created it since the lookup above
+    _bergdns_find_rrset "$fulldomain" || return 1
+    if [ -z "$_bergdns_rrset_id" ]; then
+      _err "bergdns: could not find the challenge record at $fulldomain"
+      return 1
+    fi
+  fi
+
+  if ! _bergdns_rest POST \
+    "zones/$_bergdns_zone_id/rrsets/$_bergdns_rrset_id/records" \
+    "{\"records\":[\"\\\"$txtvalue\\\"\"]}"; then
+    _err "bergdns: could not add the challenge record: $_bergdns_error"
+    return 1
+  fi
+
+  _bergdns_wait "$fulldomain"
+}
+
+# Usage: dns_bergdns_rm _acme-challenge.www.example.com "token"
+# Only this value is removed. Removing the last value deletes the RRset, and
+# removing a value that does not exist is not an error.
+dns_bergdns_rm() {
+  fulldomain=$(echo "$1" | _lower_case)
+  txtvalue=$2
+
+  _bergdns_init || return 1
+  _bergdns_find_zone "$fulldomain" || return 1
+  _bergdns_find_rrset "$fulldomain" || return 1
+
+  if [ -z "$_bergdns_rrset_id" ]; then
+    _info "bergdns: no TXT records at $fulldomain, nothing to remove"
+    return 0
+  fi
+
+  _info "Removing TXT $fulldomain from zone $_bergdns_zone_name"
+  if ! _bergdns_rest DELETE \
+    "zones/$_bergdns_zone_id/rrsets/$_bergdns_rrset_id/records" \
+    "{\"records\":[\"\\\"$txtvalue\\\"\"]}"; then
+    # Any flavour of not-found is a cleanup that has already happened: the
+    # RRset was removed by a previous run, or by the other half of a
+    # domain-and-wildcard pair taking the last value with it.
+    if [ "$_bergdns_status" = "404" ]; then
+      _info "bergdns: $fulldomain holds no such record any more, nothing to remove"
+      return 0
+    fi
+    _err "bergdns: could not remove the challenge record: $_bergdns_error"
+    return 1
+  fi
+  return 0
+}
+
+########  Private functions  ###################################################
+
+_bergdns_init() {
+  BERGDNS_API_KEY="${BERGDNS_API_KEY:-$(_readaccountconf_mutable BERGDNS_API_KEY)}"
+  BERGDNS_API_URL="${BERGDNS_API_URL:-$(_readaccountconf_mutable BERGDNS_API_URL)}"
+  BERGDNS_TTL="${BERGDNS_TTL:-$(_readaccountconf_mutable BERGDNS_TTL)}"
+  BERGDNS_PROPAGATION_TIMEOUT="${BERGDNS_PROPAGATION_TIMEOUT:-$(_readaccountconf_mutable BERGDNS_PROPAGATION_TIMEOUT)}"
+
+  if [ -z "$BERGDNS_API_KEY" ]; then
+    BERGDNS_API_KEY=""
+    _clearaccountconf_mutable BERGDNS_API_KEY
+    _err "You have not set BERGDNS_API_KEY. Create a key in the bergdns UI and export it:"
+    _err "  export BERGDNS_API_KEY=\"bgd_...\""
+    return 1
+  fi
+
+  [ -n "$BERGDNS_API_URL" ] || BERGDNS_API_URL="$_BERGDNS_DEFAULT_URL"
+  [ -n "$BERGDNS_TTL" ] || BERGDNS_TTL="$_BERGDNS_DEFAULT_TTL"
+  [ -n "$BERGDNS_PROPAGATION_TIMEOUT" ] || BERGDNS_PROPAGATION_TIMEOUT="$_BERGDNS_DEFAULT_WAIT"
+
+  # strip trailing slashes
+  BERGDNS_API_URL=$(echo "$BERGDNS_API_URL" | sed 's#/*$##')
+
+  # The TTL is interpolated into the request body and the timeout is counted
+  # down in arithmetic, so a stray value from the environment or from an old
+  # account.conf has to be caught here rather than become malformed JSON and
+  # an opaque 400.
+  case "$BERGDNS_TTL" in
+  *[!0-9]* | '')
+    _err "bergdns: BERGDNS_TTL must be a number of seconds, not \"$BERGDNS_TTL\"."
+    return 1
+    ;;
+  esac
+  case "$BERGDNS_PROPAGATION_TIMEOUT" in
+  *[!0-9]* | '')
+    _err "bergdns: BERGDNS_PROPAGATION_TIMEOUT must be a number of seconds, not \"$BERGDNS_PROPAGATION_TIMEOUT\"."
+    return 1
+    ;;
+  esac
+
+  _saveaccountconf_mutable BERGDNS_API_KEY "$BERGDNS_API_KEY"
+  # Only what the user actually chose is written back, and a value equal to
+  # the default clears any older setting. Persisting a default would pin the
+  # install to today's value, and a later change to the shipped one -- a move
+  # of the API base above all -- would never reach it; leaving an old setting
+  # in place would mean the environment could never put one back to default.
+  if [ "$BERGDNS_API_URL" = "$_BERGDNS_DEFAULT_URL" ]; then
+    _clearaccountconf_mutable BERGDNS_API_URL
+  else
+    _saveaccountconf_mutable BERGDNS_API_URL "$BERGDNS_API_URL"
+  fi
+  if [ "$BERGDNS_TTL" = "$_BERGDNS_DEFAULT_TTL" ]; then
+    _clearaccountconf_mutable BERGDNS_TTL
+  else
+    _saveaccountconf_mutable BERGDNS_TTL "$BERGDNS_TTL"
+  fi
+  if [ "$BERGDNS_PROPAGATION_TIMEOUT" = "$_BERGDNS_DEFAULT_WAIT" ]; then
+    _clearaccountconf_mutable BERGDNS_PROPAGATION_TIMEOUT
+  else
+    _saveaccountconf_mutable BERGDNS_PROPAGATION_TIMEOUT "$BERGDNS_PROPAGATION_TIMEOUT"
+  fi
+  return 0
+}
+
+# Usage: _bergdns_find_zone _acme-challenge.www.example.com
+# Sets _bergdns_zone_id and _bergdns_zone_name.
+# Zones are addressed by an id, not by name, so the zone list is fetched once
+# and the longest matching zone name wins.
+_bergdns_find_zone() {
+  _bergdns_fqdn=$1
+  _bergdns_zone_id=""
+  _bergdns_zone_name=""
+
+  if ! _bergdns_rest GET "zones"; then
+    _err "bergdns: could not list zones: $_bergdns_error"
+    return 1
+  fi
+
+  # one zone object per line, so id and name stay together
+  _bergdns_zone_lines=$(echo "$response" | tr '{' '\n')
+
+  _bergdns_cand="$_bergdns_fqdn"
+  while [ -n "$_bergdns_cand" ]; do
+    _bergdns_line=$(echo "$_bergdns_zone_lines" | _bergdns_select "$_bergdns_cand" | _head_n 1)
+    if [ -n "$_bergdns_line" ]; then
+      _bergdns_zone_id=$(echo "$_bergdns_line" | _egrep_o '"id":"[^"]*"' | _head_n 1 | cut -d '"' -f 4)
+      _bergdns_zone_name="$_bergdns_cand"
+      _debug _bergdns_zone_id "$_bergdns_zone_id"
+      _debug _bergdns_zone_name "$_bergdns_zone_name"
+      [ -n "$_bergdns_zone_id" ] && return 0
+      break
+    fi
+    case "$_bergdns_cand" in
+    *.*) _bergdns_cand=${_bergdns_cand#*.} ;;
+    *) _bergdns_cand="" ;;
+    esac
+  done
+
+  _err "bergdns: no zone in this account holds $_bergdns_fqdn."
+  _err "bergdns: the key must be able to read the zone as well as write the record."
+  return 1
+}
+
+# Usage: _bergdns_find_rrset _acme-challenge.www.example.com
+# Sets _bergdns_rrset_id to the id of the TXT RRset at that name, or to an
+# empty string if there is none. Records are addressed by id, so the zone's
+# RRsets are listed to find it.
+_bergdns_find_rrset() {
+  _bergdns_fqdn=$1
+  _bergdns_rrset_id=""
+
+  if ! _bergdns_rest GET "zones/$_bergdns_zone_id/rrsets"; then
+    _err "bergdns: could not list the records of $_bergdns_zone_name: $_bergdns_error"
+    return 1
+  fi
+
+  _bergdns_line=$(echo "$response" | tr '{' '\n' | _bergdns_select "$_bergdns_fqdn" TXT | _head_n 1)
+  if [ -n "$_bergdns_line" ]; then
+    _bergdns_rrset_id=$(echo "$_bergdns_line" | _egrep_o '"id":"[^"]*"' | _head_n 1 | cut -d '"' -f 4)
+  fi
+  _debug _bergdns_rrset_id "$_bergdns_rrset_id"
+  return 0
+}
+
+# Usage: ... | _bergdns_select name [type]
+# Reads one JSON object per line and prints those whose "name" is name and,
+# when a type is given, whose "type" is that type. The two fields are matched
+# one at a time, so neither the order the server writes its keys in nor
+# anything sitting between them changes the answer.
+#
+# The comparison is a shell case, which is literal by construction: grep -F
+# does not exist on Solaris, and _contains and _startswith would read the name
+# as a regular expression. Each pattern anchors on the start of the object or
+# on the comma before the key, so a key that merely ends in "name" cannot
+# match.
+_bergdns_select() {
+  _bergdns_sel_name=$1
+  _bergdns_sel_type=$2
+  while IFS= read -r _bergdns_sel_line || [ -n "$_bergdns_sel_line" ]; do
+    case "$_bergdns_sel_line" in
+    '"name":"'"$_bergdns_sel_name"'"'* | *',"name":"'"$_bergdns_sel_name"'"'*) ;;
+    *) continue ;;
+    esac
+    if [ -n "$_bergdns_sel_type" ]; then
+      case "$_bergdns_sel_line" in
+      '"type":"'"$_bergdns_sel_type"'"'* | *',"type":"'"$_bergdns_sel_type"'"'*) ;;
+      *) continue ;;
+      esac
+    fi
+    printf '%s\n' "$_bergdns_sel_line"
+  done
+}
+
+# Usage: _bergdns_wait _acme-challenge.www.example.com
+# Polls the propagation endpoint until all bergdns nameservers serve the
+# record. A timeout is logged but does not fail the issuance.
+#
+# This covers the zone transfer from the primary to the secondaries, which
+# takes seconds; the resolver side is acme.sh's own _check_dns_entries, which
+# runs after every record has been added and has a timeout of its own.
+_bergdns_wait() {
+  _bergdns_fqdn=$1
+  if [ "$BERGDNS_PROPAGATION_TIMEOUT" = "0" ] || [ -z "$_bergdns_rrset_id" ]; then
+    return 0
+  fi
+
+  _bergdns_waited=0
+  while [ "$_bergdns_waited" -lt "$BERGDNS_PROPAGATION_TIMEOUT" ]; do
+    if _bergdns_rest GET "zones/$_bergdns_zone_id/rrsets/$_bergdns_rrset_id/propagation"; then
+      case "$response" in
+      *'"propagated":true'*)
+        _info "bergdns: $_bergdns_fqdn is served by every secondary after ${_bergdns_waited}s"
+        return 0
+        ;;
+      esac
+    elif [ "$_bergdns_code" = "propagation_unavailable" ]; then
+      # propagation checks are not configured on this server
+      _info "bergdns: this deployment does not offer propagation checks; not waiting"
+      return 0
+    else
+      case "$_bergdns_status" in
+      429) ;; # rate limited, worth another go
+      4*)
+        # The check is refused rather than pending, and waiting will not
+        # change that. _check_dns_entries still has to pass, so this is not
+        # the place to fail the issuance.
+        _info "bergdns: the propagation check is unavailable ($_bergdns_error); not waiting"
+        return 0
+        ;;
+      esac
+    fi
+    _sleep 5
+    _bergdns_waited=$((_bergdns_waited + 5))
+  done
+
+  _info "bergdns: $_bergdns_fqdn was not on every secondary after ${BERGDNS_PROPAGATION_TIMEOUT}s; continuing anyway"
+  return 0
+}
+
+# Usage: _bergdns_rest method endpoint [body]
+# Sets response and _bergdns_status. On failure also sets _bergdns_error and,
+# where the API itself answered, _bergdns_code.
+_bergdns_rest() {
+  _bergdns_method=$1
+  _bergdns_endpoint=$2
+  _bergdns_body=$3
+  _bergdns_error=""
+  _bergdns_code=""
+  _bergdns_status=""
+
+  export _H1="Authorization: Bearer $BERGDNS_API_KEY"
+  export _H2="Accept: application/json"
+
+  _bergdns_url="$BERGDNS_API_URL/$_bergdns_endpoint"
+  _debug _bergdns_url "$_bergdns_url"
+
+  # drop the headers of the previous request, so that a request which never
+  # reaches the server cannot be read as carrying its status
+  if [ -f "$HTTP_HEADER" ]; then
+    : >"$HTTP_HEADER"
+  fi
+
+  if [ "$_bergdns_method" = "GET" ]; then
+    response="$(_get "$_bergdns_url")"
+  else
+    _debug2 _bergdns_body "$_bergdns_body"
+    response="$(_post "$_bergdns_body" "$_bergdns_url" "" "$_bergdns_method" "application/json")"
+  fi
+  _bergdns_ret="$?"
+  _debug2 response "$response"
+
+  if [ "$_bergdns_ret" != "0" ]; then
+    _bergdns_error="the request to $_bergdns_url could not be made"
+    return 1
+  fi
+
+  _bergdns_status="$(grep "^HTTP" "$HTTP_HEADER" | _tail_n 1 | cut -d " " -f 2 | tr -d "\r\n")"
+  _debug _bergdns_status "$_bergdns_status"
+
+  # The HTTP status decides. Errors from the API itself are RFC 9457
+  # problem+json and carry a "detail" to show and a stable "code" to branch on,
+  # but a request that never gets that far -- bergdns.at answers from behind a
+  # reverse proxy, whose 502 and 504 are HTML -- has neither, and reading the
+  # body alone would take those for success.
+  case "$_bergdns_status" in
+  2*) return 0 ;;
+  esac
+  _bergdns_error=$(echo "$response" | _egrep_o '"detail":"[^"]*"' | _head_n 1 | cut -d '"' -f 4)
+  _bergdns_code=$(echo "$response" | _egrep_o '"code":"[^"]*"' | _head_n 1 | cut -d '"' -f 4)
+  [ -n "$_bergdns_error" ] || _bergdns_error="$_bergdns_url answered HTTP ${_bergdns_status:-(none)}"
+  _debug _bergdns_code "$_bergdns_code"
+  return 1
+}

notify/healthchecks.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env sh
+
+#Support Healthchecks.io (hosted or self-hosted)
+#https://healthchecks.io/docs/http_api/
+
+#Required:
+#HEALTHCHECKS_URL="https://hc-ping.com/your-uuid"
+
+#Use with --notify-level 3, so a ping is sent on every cron run, even when
+#all certs are skipped. Otherwise Healthchecks reports the check as down.
+
+healthchecks_send() {
+  _subject="$1"
+  _content="$2"
+  _statusCode="$3" #0: success, 1: error 2($RENEW_SKIP): skipped
+  _debug "_subject" "$_subject"
+  _debug "_content" "$_content"
+  _debug "_statusCode" "$_statusCode"
+
+  HEALTHCHECKS_URL="${HEALTHCHECKS_URL:-$(_readaccountconf_mutable HEALTHCHECKS_URL)}"
+  if [ -z "$HEALTHCHECKS_URL" ]; then
+    HEALTHCHECKS_URL=""
+    _err "You didn't specify the Healthchecks.io ping url HEALTHCHECKS_URL yet."
+    _err "Example: export HEALTHCHECKS_URL=\"https://hc-ping.com/your-uuid\""
+    return 1
+  fi
+  _saveaccountconf_mutable HEALTHCHECKS_URL "$HEALTHCHECKS_URL"
+
+  _hc_url="${HEALTHCHECKS_URL%/}"
+  case "$_statusCode" in
+  0 | 2) ;;
+  1)
+    _hc_url="$_hc_url/fail"
+    ;;
+  *)
+    _hc_url="$_hc_url/log"
+    ;;
+  esac
+
+  _data="$_subject
+
+$_content"
+
+  response="$(_post "$_data" "$_hc_url" "" "POST" "text/plain")"
+
+  if [ "$?" = "0" ] && [ "$response" = "OK" ]; then
+    _info "healthchecks ping success."
+    return 0
+  fi
+  _err "healthchecks ping error."
+  _err "$response"
+  return 1
+}